sandwich ______ man______ woman_______ leaf_______ people________ 3 d. v8 b4 \5 D" U( Q2、用所給名詞的┞俘確情勢填空。 # B# T7 _& s9 m2 M" A& B6 [4 r2 r% P（1）Are there two( box ) on the table? $ A3 C% w- C" G: h, W* R j（2）I can see some ( people ) in the cinema. . \$ u5 [ {+ @% a( {& W（3）How many ( day ) are there in a week?1 E8 N$ l4 [8 @1 F P7 e' L- T( T
（4）Here’re five( bottle ) of ( juice ) for you.7 D& K& z, E0 q0 P1 v. \
（5）This( violin ) is hers. Those( grape ) are over there.: _; D; E4 l9 r6 A6 G
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二、冠 詞
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冠詞是一種虛詞，不克不及自力應(yīng)用，凡是放在名詞的前面，分為“不定冠詞”和“定冠詞”兩種。+ I0 x2 I' V# Y& F0 k' z
1、不定冠詞：a、an。用在單數(shù)名詞前，表現(xiàn)“一個，一件……”。an用在以元音“音素”開首的單詞前。如：
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an e-mail, an orange, an old man, an English watch, an hour…) M1 p/ A( r$ Z9 J
2、定冠詞：the。用在單數(shù)或者復(fù)數(shù)名詞前。the沒有具體意思，有時翻譯為這、那。它的基礎(chǔ)用法： " J& c4 _8 X- j; B$ m b7 w; i （1）用來表現(xiàn)特指某（些）人或某（些）事物。如：The map on the wall is new. 7 S! V; H4 |! r$ N0 X( R. O2 e. f （2）表現(xiàn)措辭者兩邊都知道的人或事物。如：Look at the picture, please. 0 i, j. E; j; I% G: P （3）表現(xiàn)再次提到前面談過的人或事物。如：This is a stamp. The stamp is beautiful.% f0 e+ u2 ~5 v
（4）用在表現(xiàn)世界上并世無雙的事物前。如：the sun太陽 the moon月亮 the earth地球0 \& f) D9 g( K8 i2 I' M$ O
（5）用在由通俗名詞組成的專著名詞前。如：the Great Wall長城- Z4 l: Q( {* J' X/ i- l
（6）用在江河、湖海等專著名詞前。如：the Changjiang River長江 z* W8 C! C- X9 V
（7）此外，序數(shù)詞、形容詞第一流、樂器名稱檔故前面和一些習(xí)習(xí)用語中一般都用定冠詞the。如：
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the first day, the best boy, play the piano, in the same class 6 j4 e! x K# X$ w) G- `6 _- X4 B d斷定用a、an仍是the時可依據(jù)漢語意思。3 ]$ k3 n0 t" h- T' O8 k3 a, s
練一練：# ]) C# v: P, l A+ |' A
1、用a或an填空。 4 s0 A/ u# I+ U: M ____ “U” ____ ice-cream ____ goalkeeper ____ teapot ____apple ' G S2 I; L, g6 r/ J0 l6 y* ? ____office ____English book ____umbrella ____unit ____hour ) ^5 {2 o/ e7 c2 z2、依據(jù)須要，填寫冠詞a，an或the。 3 q- ]/ ~/ b3 c* k8 ~（1）Who is ____girl behind ____tree?: B, E6 G' K, @+ l% j2 t
（2） ____old man has two children, ____ son and ____daughter.4 G; C! f6 X: V1 U
（3）This is ____ orange. ____ orange is Lucy’s.4 ]$ P/ X2 f- @: }5 {* e. m
（4）He likes playing ____guitar. We have ____same hobby. 9 F5 @) u2 h# G" M, s# ?（5）We all had____good time last Sunday.% z5 C: O1 C# M) r
（6）She wants to be____doctor.
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三， 數(shù) 詞
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我們學(xué)過兩類：基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞?；鶖?shù)用于表現(xiàn)數(shù)目幾多，而基數(shù)詞用于表現(xiàn)順序，常在日期中呈現(xiàn)。差別：基數(shù)詞前面沒有“the”；序數(shù)詞前必定要有“the”。 ' c, O' N7 e$ ]- C; X1、跨越二十以上的兩位數(shù)須要在個位和十位之間加上“-”。如：21 twenty-one2 t9 i8 V6 I% Z) i5 d9 y- @
2、三位數(shù)以上的則須要在百位數(shù)后再加上and。如：101 a/one hundred and one / ~4 c7 Z) L+ L* ~3、用基數(shù)詞來潤飾可數(shù)名詞時，必定別忘了它的復(fù)數(shù)情勢。如：十八個男孩 eighteen boys ) \% |0 V. E/ `& v9 ^# {5 e4、用基數(shù)詞潤飾不成數(shù)名詞時，如是復(fù)數(shù)，變它的量詞為復(fù)數(shù)。
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如：兩碗米飯 two bowls of rice 1 H! s- K% O" X7 b0 G2 D5、序數(shù)詞一般加“th”，特別的有：first, second, third, fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth以及二十及二
數(shù)詞。如：88 eighty-eighth * _$ z- n1 a! U練一練： / O+ Y2 W$ a1 p9 B; \! m$ O1、請翻譯下列短語。 # i/ M: F- l$ T! i, c
（1）60論理學(xué)生 （2）15本英語書 ) u. c9 ]- O, U8 o
（3）九杯涼水 （4）4個孩子 2 R \4 c/ M& n; j
（5）12月31 （6）6月2日 3 w* d% U w/ m5 r1 Q) o9 r8 E（7）第九周 （8）40年前 & l8 B5 x9 f/ Z E: t（9）11+7 （10）上學(xué)第一天 1 M: ?% I& h6 r c
2、把下列基數(shù)詞改成序數(shù)詞。$ ~! W/ A2 o! N# M. M
one--- two--- three--- nine--- : U9 x. C0 }3 |+ T2 X& {% _
fourteen--- twenty--- thirty-five--- eighty-one2 v/ g* S) |$ N
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四、代 詞
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代詞有兩種：人稱代詞和物主代詞。 s A1 k* ?" {, j; b1 K4 u4 p
1、人稱代詞分為：第一、第二、第三人稱，且有單復(fù)數(shù)之分。 ; b& s! X2 S0 f* ?6 z2、人稱代詞的主格在句中做主語，一般用在動詞前（疑問句除外）；賓格在句中做賓語，多
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用于動詞、介詞后。 - r, _- S' t: c4 }% n! w" a3、形容詞性物主代詞起形容詞的感化，后面必定要跟名詞，表現(xiàn)該名詞是屬于誰的。6 N5 f9 `& }5 k! H1 B* r/ W
4、名詞性物主代詞=形容詞性物主代詞+名詞。如： , ?( n. b0 L+ N7 N6 p This is my bag. = This is mine. That is her ruler. = That is hers." Q+ k: @2 e' H% ^8 k% H5 c
一般看后面有沒著名詞，若有，就用形容詞性物主代詞；如無，就用名詞性物主代詞。 - a) A5 C% U R' e 請服膺下表：
. a- I, J9 ?$ y! x0 O3、用所給詞的恰當(dāng)情勢填空。 : l4 e ~( x Y: b1）That is not _________ kite. That kite is very small, but _________ is very big. ( I )4 v$ X8 @6 X& i4 E
2）The dress is _________. Give it to _________. ( she ) & r4 Z& Y* G) J" |3）Is this _________ watch? ( you ) No, it’s not _________ . ( I ) 2 w9 N( i. ]& a* p+ p
4）_________ is my brother. ________ name is Jack. Look! Those stamps are _________. ( he ) + N$ w) U! J( F5 L$ v/ I# f+ O
5）_________ dresses are red. ( we ) What colour are _________? ( you ) ! y% i- v- P) ~" E( h6）Show _________ your kite, OK? ( they ) / F( W% w+ G1 y! V x7）I have a beautiful cat. _________name is Mimi. These cakes are _________. ( it ) s: Y$ v& L) c, E" V0 J% @7 j8）Are these ________ tickets? No, ________ are not _________. ________ aren’t here. ( they ) ' \& c: D2 H M$ N+ z
9）Shall _________ have a look at that classroom? That is _________ classroom. ( we ) ; x' s4 F4 |. V( n* R10）_________ is my aunt. Do you know _________ job? _________is a nurse. ( she ) . }6 I+ ]8 m8 v- d, d8 W11）Where are _________? I can’t find _________. Let’s call _________ parents. ( they ) " m8 A% o1 E3 I# R12）Don’t touch _________. _________is not a cat, _________ is a tiger! ( it ) 0 T& Y6 j" H$ U2 n' b$ U( V13）_________ sister is ill. Please go and see _________. ( she ) 6 l8 `0 n4 A! N% \14）The girl behind _________ is our friend. ( she )
兩個主要特點：as……as中心必定用本相，than的前面必定要+er。 2 p; P$ {5 N" L. R3 I6 f2、形容詞、副詞比擬級的規(guī)矩變更如下：( Y4 D' v; ~4 S- K- V- `$ ^) @
（1）一般直接+er。如：tall - taller, fast - faster 單音節(jié)詞假如以-e結(jié)尾，只加-r。如：late - later ; c; E6 u. W* y. S; E（2）重讀閉音節(jié)詞如末尾只有一個子音字母，須雙寫這個字母，再加-er。如：big - bigger, fat - fatter " \$ b Y* y+ D/ g/ Y+ y: }（3）以子音字母加-y結(jié)尾的詞，變y為i，再加-er。如：heavy - heavier, early - earlier4 y5 p( R/ n+ S. T
（4）雙音節(jié)和多音節(jié)詞的比擬級應(yīng)在原級前加more組成。如：beautiful - more beautiful, 1 ~$ q; z7 C8 J" e* b- ~ careful - more careful, quietly - more quietly, interesting - more interesting: x6 W8 E0 i3 T% s @: ]% }( r
（5）有些不規(guī)矩變更的，須一一加以記憶。如：good/well – better, bad/ill – worse, many/much – more, far – farther/further, old – older/elder… 6 m, f' f' X3 \- ?1 t/ Y2 J
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練一練：" {( i$ S+ M! J7 O3 P/ ?- ~
1、寫出下列形容詞、副詞的比擬級。. {9 q5 L% W+ o5 L& X8 t7 u" }
big good long tall old - G5 b! O+ n5 v* w8 _short thin heavy young fat & E# U: _7 _( O& u$ S9 o1 `) _$ E
light strong high far low 7 J3 t, C7 m) p6 `0 y
early late well fast slow
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2、用括號內(nèi)亂所給單詞的恰當(dāng)情勢填空。2 M: S! M2 a7 S+ V9 }! f9 T. v2 \
1) I can swim as _______ ( fast ) as the fish, I think.% ]+ `7 O: B" g. Q
2) Look! His hands are _______ ( big ) than mine. : h( a! `8 s, }3) I think you do these things_______ ( well ) than your classmates. * d6 S% t+ D) l T4) Whose bag is _______ ( heavy ), yours or mine? 2 _6 ^8 _5 d0 g" ^; P$ ~. f5) Does Jim run as _______（slow ) as David? Yes, but Mike runs_______ ( slow ) than them. % d- t) t3 U7 }5 k/ g7 l& ]4 F6) You have seven books, but I have _______ ( many ) than you. I ha ve ten. 0 `( I3 V( j( `: |- h) n" q+ Q s7) I jump _______ ( far ) than some of the boys in my class. 5 j( q5 W% E, P1 B7 s) I) q8) I’m very_______ ( thin ), but she’s _______ ( thin ) than me.6 X* I" b7 f" {
9) It gets _______and_______ ( warm ) when spring comes here.
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六、介 詞
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1、一種虛詞。不克不及零丁作句子成分，它只有跟它后面的賓語一路組成介詞短語，才干在句子中起感化。
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有：in, on, under, with, behind, about, near, before, after, for, to, up, down, from, in front of, out of,
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from…to…, at the back of…8 F1 I% \; n) |" x2 t. }
2、表現(xiàn)時光的介詞有：at, on, in。（1）at表現(xiàn)“在某一個具體的時光點上”，或用在固定詞組中。如：at ten
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o’clock, at 9:30 a.m., at night, at the weekend…（2）on表現(xiàn)“在某日或某日的時光段”。如：on Friday, on the
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first of October, on Monday morning…（3）in表現(xiàn)“在某一段時光（月份、季候）里”。如：in the afternoon,
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in September, in summer, in 2005…- A6 v+ e; L z( @
3、in一詞還有其他的固定搭配，如：in blue（穿戴藍色的衣服），in English（用英語表達），take part in（參
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加）。 V" P5 P& _4 [! c" u
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練一練： . i" P Z5 B$ G' i$ ?" c7 [1、選用括號內(nèi)亂適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空。 [, M) z" J! t$ ~1 M# r7 H1) What’s this _______ ( at, on, in ) English? 8 Q; ^. o5 D9 s+ s2 @2) Christmas is _______ ( at, on, in ) the 25th of December.- ~% I+ c; ^1 q6 M# u1 d0 w
3) The man_______ ( with, on, in ) black is Su Hai’s father.8 F2 c" l) g8 d
4) He doesn’t do well _______ ( at, on, in ) PE. 6 G% h3 S4 B$ A$ s8 P: f* Z5) Look at those birds _______ ( on, in ) the tree. / g. J% t. N3 ~1 F: J# r% X" w6) We are going to meet _______ ( at, on, in ) the bus stop _______ ( at, on, in ) half past ten. 7 u: G9 `( S# v) \7) Is there a cat _______ ( under, behind, in ) the door?& _1 W6 t( P* D- i
8) Helen’s writing *** is _______ ( in, in front of ) her computer. ! _3 n% g/ q% J% ?3 t2 c- \4 s: E9 L9) We live _______ ( at, on, in ) a new house now.+ T! ~5 u/ D; w; S! \1 ~
10) Does it often rain _______ ( at, on, in ) spring there? ' {0 _9 w8 }$ ?* F5 L1 V3 z2、圈出下列句子中應(yīng)用不適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~，并將準確的謎底寫在橫線上。 # v: U8 p/ t5 i/ z& z) Z) c) P1) Jim is good in English and Maths. 2) The films were in the ground just now. ! t7 p0 K' k% V9 s6 v" t
3) They are talking to their plans. 4) How many students have their birthdays on May? 3 z n6 m7 B2 o* d3 j
5) Women’s Day is at the third of March. 6) I can jog to school on the morning. + {. P! S |9 w) Q' L7) Did you water trees at the farm? 8) Can you come and help me on my English? + o/ Z' O; c: E/ w0 C0 r9) I usually take photos in Sunday morning. 10) What did you do on the Spring Festival?